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You are here: Home / News / Dari Makro ke Tanpa Makro: Perbaikan Malware Berkelanjutan oleh QakBot

Dari Makro ke Tanpa Makro: Perbaikan Malware Berkelanjutan oleh QakBot

December 3, 2022 by Søren

Pada tahun 2007 kami melihat permulaan awal dan kebangkitan QakBot, tahun yang sama ketika Windows XP dan Windows Server 2003 masih menjadi sistem operasi utama di perusahaan. QakBot, atau QuackBot, hadir sebagai trojan perbankan dan loader.

Saat ini, kita melihat QakBot digunakan oleh berbagai kelompok musuh dengan berbagai cara, seperti menyebarkan ransomware, kegigihan, dan mencuri kredensial. Sebelum musuh memiliki akses ke titik akhir atau kemampuan untuk bergerak secara lateral, mereka harus mendapatkan akses awal. Vektor akses awal tersebut terus berkembang dan mengimbangi sistem operasi, browser, dan vendor antivirus untuk memastikan pengiriman muatan berbahaya.

Pada Februari 2022 Microsoft mendorong pembaruan untuk menonaktifkan makro secara default di produk Office. Kemenangan besar dalam industri ini adalah untuk mencegah vektor akses awal dalam jumlah besar ke dalam organisasi.

Tidak lama kemudian musuh mulai memperbarui keahlian mereka untuk menggunakan segalanya kecuali makro. Mirip dengan apa yang disebutkan oleh Bleeping Computer pada bulan Februari, DarkReading menyebutkan dalam artikel ini, perubahan tersebut masuk ke Aplikasi HTML (.hta) dan sangat sukses.

Seiring waktu, kami mulai mendengar tentang bypass Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW). Windows MOTW adalah fitur sederhana di OS yang memberi label item dan memeriksanya saat diunduh. Sebagaimana diuraikan oleh Outflank pada tahun 2020, peran MOTW dalam langkah-langkah keamanan digunakan oleh Windows SmartScreen, dan Kotak pasir tampilan terlindungi di Excel dan Word, untuk beberapa nama.

Bagaimana musuh melewati kontrol ini? Beberapa file yang diunduh tidak diperiksa, oleh karena itu menghindari MOTW dan mengizinkan eksekusi proses. Salah satu format populer yang kita lihat saat ini mencakup pengiriman file ISO dalam file HTML. Sebagian besar kontainer, seperti ISO atau VHDX, tidak diperiksa oleh MOTW.

Selengkapnya: Splunk

Tagged With: Macro Office, Malware, Qakbot

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