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GTSC

Microsoft Exchange baru zero-day secara aktif dieksploitasi dalam serangan

September 30, 2022 by Eevee

Peneliti keamanan siber Vietnam GTSC telah menemukan pelaku ancaman mengeksploitasi bug zero-day Microsoft Exchange yang belum diungkapkan yang memungkinkan eksekusi kode jarak jauh.

Penyerang merantai sepasang zero-days untuk menyebarkan web shell China Chopper di server yang disusupi untuk kegigihan dan pencurian data, serta pindah secara lateral ke sistem lain di jaringan korban.

GTSC mencurigai bahwa kelompok ancaman China bertanggung jawab atas serangan berdasarkan halaman kode web shell, pengkodean karakter Microsoft untuk bahasa China yang disederhanakan.

Agen pengguna yang digunakan untuk menginstal web shell juga milik Antsword, alat admin situs web open-source berbasis Cina dengan dukungan manajemen web shell.

Kerentanan tersebut dilaporkan ke Microsoft secara pribadi tiga minggu lalu melalui Zero Day Initiative, yang melacak mereka sebagai ZDI-CAN-18333 dan ZDI-CAN-18802 setelah analis memvalidasi masalah tersebut.

Trend Micro merilis penasihat keamanan pada kamis malam dan mengonfirmasi bahwa mereka menyerahkan dua kerentanan zero-day Microsoft Exchange baru yang ditemukan oleh GTSC ke Microsoft.

Perusahaan telah menambahkan deteksi untuk zero-days ini ke produk IPS N-Platform, NX-Platform, atau TPS.

GTSC telah merilis sangat sedikit detail mengenai bug zero-day ini. Namun, para penelitinya mengungkapkan bahwa permintaan yang digunakan dalam rantai eksploitasi ini mirip dengan yang digunakan dalam serangan yang menargetkan kerentanan ProxyShell.

Eksploitasi bekerja dalam dua tahap:

  • Permintaan dengan format yang mirip dengan kerentanan ProxyShell: autodiscover/autodiscover.json?@evil.com/&Email=autodiscover/autodiscover.json%3f@evil.com.
  • Penggunaan tautan di atas untuk mengakses komponen di backend tempat RCE dapat diimplementasikan.

GTSC membagikan mitigasi sementara yang akan memblokir upaya serangan dengan menambahkan aturan server IIS baru menggunakan modul Aturan Penulisan Ulang URL:

  • Di Autodiscover di FrontEnd, pilih tab URL Rewrite, lalu Request Blocking.
  • Tambahkan string “.*autodiscover\.json.*\@.*Powershell.*“ ke Jalur URL.
  • Condition input: Pilih {REQUEST_URI}

Admin yang ingin memeriksa apakah server Exchange mereka telah disusupi menggunakan eksploitasi ini dapat menjalankan perintah PowerShell berikut untuk memindai file log IIS untuk indikator kompromi:

Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Path -Filter “*.log” | Select-String -Pattern ‘powershell.*autodiscover\.json.*\@.*200

Sumber: Bleeping Computer

Tagged With: GTSC, Microsoft Exchange, web Chopper, Web Shell, zero-days

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